Newlands' Octaves

     

                           Newlands

   British chemist Newlands (1837 - 1898)  was born in London and studied at Royal college of chemistry.  He set up a practice as an analytical chemist  in 1864 and in 1868 became chief chemist in a sugar refinery.  Later he left the refinery  and worked as an analyst. 

   After the failure of Donbereiner's triads, the next attempt to classify elements was done by Newlands.  By this time 56 elements were discovered. Newlands arranged all these elements in an increasing order of their atomic masses.  He found that every eighth element had properties similar to that of the first.  He compared this to the octaves found in music.  Therefore his classification was known as 'Newlands' Octaves'. 

      Newlands law states that  "When the elements are arranged in an increasing order of their atomic masses, the properties of the eighth element are similar to the first." 

     

• Some features of Newlands table 

🔹Newlands could arrange elements only up to calcium out of total 56 elements known.

🔹 After calcium every eighth element did not posses properties similar to that of the first.

🔹 At the time of Newlands only 56 elements were known but later several elements were discovered.

🔹 In order to fit the existing elements Newland. Places two elements in the same position which differed in their properties.

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